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Parotitis
Parotitis refers to an inflammation of the parotid gland and is most commonly caused by infection. The parotid glands are the salivary glands that lie just in front of and below the earlobes [in the lower cheek]. Infection of the parotid gland can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Mumps is a childhood viral infection of the parotid gland. Bacterial infections can occur when the duct which drains the parotid gland becomes blocked (occasionally, "stones" can form in the gland). Mumps has become much less prevalent since the widespread use of the MMR vaccine in childhood. Common symptoms of parotitis include: bilateral or unilateral swelling and tenderness to the parotid gland (cheek area below, but in front of the ear). Body aches, fever, and chills are also common. A pus-like discharge may be noted inside the mouth. Evaluation will include: possible exposure history to anyone with mumps, and physical examination for evidence of pus leaking out of the duct [inside the mouth on wall of the cheek] when the gland is massaged. Blood tests (i.e. amylase, blood counts, and a mumps serologic test) help the physician in determining whether the infection is of viral or bacterial origin. Treatment will include: warm, wet compresses to the site, mouth rinsing, and fever control. If the parotid duct is blocked, then the use of lemon juice in the mouth can increase salivation, and may also dislodge any "stones" in the duct. Antibiotics are indicated in cases of bacterial infection (most adults). The expertise of the ENT specialist may be required to remove any parotid duct stones.
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