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Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease
Before age 35, tooth decay ,or dental caries, are the number one cause of tooth loss. Periondontal disease is responsible for the majority of loose teeth and tooth loss after age 40. Periodontal disease refers to changes that occur to the teeth and gums secondary to progressive bacterial infection due to plaque formation. Plaque forms on teeth as a result of bacteria present in the mouth. Regular brushing
and flossing removes most plaque. It is the build up of plaque that has been the focus of attention in the treatment of periodontal disease. The addition of fluorine (1 part per million) to the water supply in many communities has led to a substantial decline in dental caries. Gingivitis refers to a superficial inflammation of the gums due to irritation by bacteria. The first sign of gingivitis is red, swollen gums that tend to bleed easily (this may be noted while brushing teeth). Pockets of pus can form between the teeth and the gums. This is known as periodontitis, or pyorrhea. A line of pus may be seen along the gum line. The build up of dental plaque may eventually make this infection unreachable with brushing. This can lead to a dental abscess (deep tooth infection), loosening of the tooth, and eventually tooth loss.
Dental infections or abscesses can result in the total destruction of the tooth. The tooth may then be beyond salvage and may require removal. Patients with a tooth abscess will have severe tooth pain and in some cases facial swelling accompanied by fever. Initial care with antiseptic mouthwash, oral antibiotics, and pain medications can be supplied by your primary care physician. Definitive management will be in the hands of the Dentist or Periodontist.
PREVENTION is the most important aspect in the management of periodontal disease. Regular brushing (fluoride containing toothpaste), flossing, use of mouthwash, and dental check-ups cannot be overemphasized.
Hope this article will provide you informtion about gingivitis and periodontal disease.
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