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Mumps
Mumps is a viral infection of the parotid gland. The parotid glands are paired structures located in front of and below the ear (just above the angle of the jaw). The parotid gland is a salivary gland which contributes an enzyme to the saliva that is important in breaking down certain foods (starches). The mumps virus is a much less common infection since the widespread use of the mumps vaccine (MMR). Mumps infections in adult males can also cause a rather serious infection of the testicles known as mumps orchitis. The incubation period for mumps is 2-3 weeks from the time of exposure to the onset of symptoms. Patients are contagious 1 day PRIOR to the onset of symptoms and until the facial swelling has disappeared. Common symptoms: weakness, fever, sore throat, malaise, and "puffiness" to the cheek(s), secondary to parotid gland swelling. The swelling may extend from the cheeks to under the angle of the jaw. Evaluation includes history (vaccination status) and physical examination. Diagnosis may be suspected by physical examination but can be confirmed by blood test (i.e. serologic mumps antibody titers). Blood amylase (parotid gland enzyme) is often elevated. Treatment is largely conservative and includes fever control, bedrest, and plenty of fluids. Acetaminophen works well to control fever. Most patients recover within 1-2 weeks. Mumps orchitis requires special consultation with a Urologist.
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