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Feline Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an INCREASE in the activity of the thyroid gland. Enlargement of the thyroid gland, secondary to inadequate levels of iodine in the diet is known as thyroid goiter. A common cause of goiter in the presence of hyperthyroidism is known as Grave's disease. This disorder is one of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism and is thought to be caused by an autoimmune mechanism. The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating the body's metabolism through the production of thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormone is produced in two forms, active (T4) and inactive (T3). The body can convert T3 to active T4 under certain conditions. Anatomically, the thyroid is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the neck (next to the "Adam's apple"). An increase in thyroid hormone can occur secondarily to elevated functioning of the thyroid gland (goiter), or it may occur when there is increased activity of the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain.
The pituitary gland secretes a hormone known as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) which will stimulate the thyroid to produce more hyroid hormone.Ultimately, it is the pituitary gland which regulates the activity of the thyroid gland. Common symptoms of hyperthyroidism include: heart palpitations, weight loss, heat intolerance, bulging eyes, high blood pressure, and anxiety. Evaluation will include medical history and physical examination which may indicate a slight increase in body temperature, hypertension, or evidence of thyroid enlargement. Blood tests (i.e. thyroid profile, blood counts) and nuclear thyroid scanning may be recommended to identify any potential thyroid mass or tumor. Treatment is aimed at normalizing the thyroid function with medications. Some cases may warrant thyroid resection (surgical removal) with subsequent need for daily administration of thyroid hormone (Synthroid). The internist or endocrinologist is the expert in the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.
Hope this article will provide you information about hyperthyroidism.
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