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Labyrinthitis
Labyrinthitis refers to an inflammation of the labyrinth or inner ear which normally controls the body's equilibrium and balance. The inner ear (semi-circular canals) acts as a sensory device, providing the brain with information about the body's relative position in the environment. When there is inflammation of the inner ear, inappropriate information will be transmitted to the brain resulting in vertigo (spinning sensation). Most often, labyrinthitis results from a viral infection of the inner ear. It is commonly seen after an upper respiratory infection (cold) or sinusitis. Common symptoms include a spinning sensation, or vertigo, that is made worse by sudden movements of the head. The vertigo is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. There should be NO associated vision problems (double vision can indicate a stroke). Patients may also have symptoms of sinus congestion, runny nose, or recent upper respiratory infection. Evaluation will include history and physical examination. Examination can reveal fluid behind an ear drum or a plugged ear canal with wax (both of which could cause vertigo). Although there are some sophisticated tests for labyrinthitis; the examination and history provide the diagnosis in most cases. Caution is necessary in distinguishing this problem from a stroke. A stroke could also cause vertigo, but it is generally accompanied by speech or vision (double vision) problems . Treatment is with medications (e.g. Antivert, scopolamine) that suppress symptoms (i.e. vertigo, nausea) caused by inflammation of the inner ear. Bedrest, with the avoidance of any sudden body position changes will be recommended. Most cases clear up within a week. Hospitalization will be necessary in some elderly patients and those with uncontrollable vomiting or vertigo.
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