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Diabetic Ketoacidosis
This is a serious complication that occurs in insulin dependent diabetics. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), or diabetic coma, results from insufficient insulin production. In DKA, there is an inability to "use" available blood glucose (which is usually quite elevated in this condition), so the body turns its the only (other) available energy source: fats. The metabolism of fats in the body results in the production of a metabolic by-product known as a ketone. It is through the production of ketones that the myriad of chemical imbalances occur which define diabetic ketoacidosis. Common symptoms include weakness, thirst, headache, increased urination, and blurred vision. Findings in these patients include RAPID breathing (30 or more breaths per minute), rapid heart rate (100 beats per minute or more), and INCREASED urine output. This may progress to decreased responsiveness and finally, coma (virtually unresponsive). Low blood pressure and death will follow without aggressive medical treatment.
Diabetic ketoacidosis is triggered most often either by NOT TAKING YOUR PRESCRIBED INSULIN, or by a concomitant bacterial infection which RAISES the bodies insulin requirement. Bacterial infection is often caused by a urinary tract infection, pharyngitis, or pneumonia. Treatment demands prompt action with IV fluid resuscitation, IV insulin by continuous administration, and antibiotics where indicated. Hospitalization is absolutely necessary. Diabetic patients who pay close attention to their random "finger stick checks" and the presence of glucose with ketones in their routine urine checks can protect themselves from this serious complication. Any questions concerning the regulation of your diabetes should be voiced immediately to your physician. Your Internist or Endocrinologist can assist you in the regulation of your diabetes.
Hope this article will provide you information about diabetic ketoacidosis.
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