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Anal Fissures and Hemorrhoids
Anal fissures and hemorrhoids are two common anal problems. Anal fissures are small cuts or tears that occur along the anal margin. Often, they will bleed into the undergarments, or leave blood on the tissue after wiping. They commonly result after the passage of a hard, large, or rocky stool. They are the most common cause of rectal bleeding in infants and are usually obvious on close inspection. Anal fissures heal by themselves. Application of an antibiotic ointment or (Vaseline) is usually adequate. In rare cases, they can become infected with bacteria. Hemorrhoids are defined as an abnormal enlargement of veins in the anal area. They can be caused by increased pressure or straining during a bowel movement. Hemorrhoids are also common in people with chronic constipation, obesity, and inadequate dietary fiber. They are also common during pregnancy. Cirrhosis of the liver will often lead to the development of large hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids will often cause anal pain and bright red rectal bleeding. Blood will be on the surface of the stools, or more commonly, on the tissue after wiping. Because of other more serious possibilities for rectal bleeding (colon cancer), particularly in patients over 40, hemorrhoids should be documented by physical examination. The anoscope is a small tube, which can be introduced through the anus to allow for direct observation of the anal walls. Hemorrhoids may be internal, or external, which can commonly be seen without the aid of the anoscope. Clotting of the blood inside the hemorrhoid (thrombosis) yields pain and inflammation. Failure of the hemorrhoid to respond to medications, may necessitate surgical removal of the clot inside the hemorrhoid. There are several medications available without a doctor's prescription, but prescription suppositories usually contain the anti-inflammatory cortisone. Warm baths, weight loss, increased dietary fiber (Metamucil), and stool softeners (Colace) can be helpful in decreasing the incidence of hemorrhoids. A General Surgeon or Colorectal Surgeon can be helpful in difficult to treat cases.
Hope this article will provide you information about anal fissures and hemorrhoids.
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