Neck Injury : Disc Disease
Any injury to the neck, even a minor twisting or lifting injury, can result in a prolapsed, or "slipped" disc. This is also referred to as a "herniated" disc. The spinal column consists of vertebrae that are anatomically positioned on top of one another, from the tailbone to the base of the skull. The vertebrae are separated by a fibrous, pulpy mass known as discs. Any destruction, rupture, movement, or prolapse of a disc can result in compression on a nearby exiting nerve root. Irritation of the nerve root gives rise to the typical neurologic symptoms of disc disease. Pain shooting down the arm, with numbness, tingling, or weakness in ONE arm is commonly seen. Other common symptoms include neck pain and stiffness, with reduction in overall range of motion. Evaluation will include a physical examination to reveal any neurologic deficit. X-rays of the neck will be done to rule out any fractures of the spine or reveal changes consistent with degenerative arthritis, which could mimic a disc problem. CT-scanning or magnetic resonance scanning can show the discs and nerves themselves. Cervical disc herniation can be diagnosed using these tests.
Treatment involves anti-inflammatories (ibuprofen), pain killers, and,occasionally, muscle relaxants. Temporary immobilization in a soft cervical collar can help reduce inflammation. Physical therapy has been helpful in select cases but only under the direction of a physician. Cases that do not respond to medications, or situations where neurologic deficit is substantial (e.g. muscle weakness), will require surgery to correct the problem. This is best handled by a Neurosurgeon or an Orthopaedic Surgeon, specializing in cervical disc disease.
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