Muscle Strains
A MUSCLE STRAIN may be described as a tearing injury to the muscle itself. These strains occur in varying degrees, from a minor "muscle pull," to the complete separation of a muscle. Every muscle in the body is subject to strain if a great enough force is applied to it (opposing its action). The most common muscles that are strained include; neck, trapezius (neck and upper back), hamstring (back of thigh), gastrocnemius (calf muscle), those of the abdomen muscles, and those of the low back (lumbar strain).
Common symptoms include pain and stiffness in the muscle, usually reaching its peak 24 hours after injury. Involuntary tightening of the muscle group or muscle spasms are common. This symptom is occasionally referred to as a "charlie-horse." Severe strains may be accompanied by mild swelling (hematoma) or bruising at the site. Any attempt to use the muscle results in pain.
Treatment includes cold compresses for the first 24-48 hours. Rest and elevation of the site is suggested when possible. Anti-inflammatories (ibuprofen), acetaminophen, or aspirin can help reduce pain. Muscle relaxants (Flexeril) are helpful in some cases. Warm wet heat can be applied after 48 hours (post injury) to reduce muscle spasm.
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